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Se4:StagesofAcademig
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&hreestagesinproduacademicessayorreport:planning，researdwritingup.Ihesestagesthereareanumberofsmallersteps.
Activity4-1:Explainingtheproig
Thefollolainstheprocessanessay.Readitcarefullyaheflowchartthatfollows.
&epofessaywritingistodeatopidprepareascheduleofworkfortheavailabletime.Theopicshouldbebrainstormedandadraftoutli，possiblesourceshavetobeevaluatedcritidthemostrelevaerwhistartmakingnotes，usingparaphrasingandsummarizingskills.Wheedeoaiodraftofthemainbodybewritteakioavoidplagiaris
&lyyouwritethefirstdraftoftheintrodud，ensuringthatalogicalapproachtothetitleisdeveloped.Afterthisthewholedraftmustbecriticallyre-readandrevisedformaximumdaccuracy.Thepeageistoprepareafinallistofreferendissuchastablesandfigures.Fiextshouldbethhlyproofreadbefintheassigime.
WhatYoushouldKnow
Asanexampleofadvaiingbedefiypeusedinanaviroforanumberofspecialpurposesingdoingreseargreptermpapers，reviewingbooksandartidpletingthesesaions.Amoiesofacademig，researchpaperaarethemostonones.
&ingusuallyfolloarticularstyle.Herearesomeguidelines:
Beformal.Avoidslange.g.dlaistoocasuale.g.prettyawful.Usefullformsratherthaions，e.g.doesha.sidertheuseofnominalizatiohaures.
&ive.Academigshouldbeobjective，sopersonalpronouns（e.g.I，me，my，we，us，our，you）shouldnormallybeavoided.
&ious.Donotusehrasesiingthataretlyopihinkcarefullybefwordslike“definitely”
“undoubtedly”
“should”
“must”
“absolutely”
.Wordslike“possibly”
“probably”
“likely”
“seems”
“may”
and“dtoodacademig.
&emanyvariatioofresearcharticles，thefollowingplanbeusedbyabeginresearcherforbothaquantitativeaswellasaqualitativeapproach.Theelementsofstruclude:（1）Title，（2）Abstratrodu，（4）Literaturereview，（5）Results，（6）Dis，（7），（8）References，（9）Appeheseelementsofstructurewillbedefinedaailinthefollowingunits.
&ingisaprocess.Itstartsfrthewritingtask，theodoingthereseardreadiageisplanningandwritingvariousdrafts，andthisisfollowedbypraing.Allthisshouldleadtothefi.
LanguageFocus
GrammaticalFeaturesofAcademig
（Hamp-Lyons&Heasley，2006）
Assig
1.Visitthewebsitehttp:.york.ac.ukasiswriting.htminwhichthereisanaudiofileabouttheacademicstyle.Listentoitandlearhefeaturesofacademig.
&hefollraphsinamoreacademicstyle.
Iwoulderasubjectiveartist.WhatImeanisthathisarthaditssourhispersonality;hisworke，Ialwaysfeel，oftheepowhichhelived.
Oherhand，IalwayssiderBaobjectiveartist.YouseethatheworkedonlywiththeformsahistimeprofferedhiIdonotthianyinnerpulsiohs.
3.Lookatyourmostretwrittenwork，forexample，thetermpaperofacourseyoutooklastsemester.Uhewordsorphrasesyouthinkmightnotbeiyleandmakeimprovement.
&heresearcharticleyourteacherhasassigoyou.Studyitsoverallstrudidentifyitslinguisticfeatures.
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